This is a hybrid simulation model for a trauma and orthopaedics department. This combines system dynamics to model patient deterioration while waiting for a General Practitioner (GP) referral in Primary Care, and a discrete event simulation (DES) to model the patient journey through an Orthopaedic department.
Rating: SilverThe code is well organised and thoughtfully designed with reuse in mind, but there remains room for improvement, such as testing and more comprehensive documentation.
Atlas Entry authored by: | Amy Heather (Link) | | Sammi Rosser (Link) |
Matthew Howells 
Cardiff University
Paul Harper
Cardiff University
Daniel Gartner
Cardiff University
Geraint Palmer
Cardiff University
11 December 2025
This is a “hybrid simulation model that combines a System Dynamics (SD) model with a Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model. The SD model is used to model patient deterioration while waiting for a General Practitioner (GP) referral in Primary Care, and the DES model is used to model the patient journey through an Orthopaedic department.” (source)
This work was presented at The OR Society’s 12th Simulation Workshop (SW25) conference. Poster embedded below is from github.com/MHowells/SW25_poster.